Thin Film Deposition Technologies and Application in Photovoltaics
Thin films play a critical role in PV in Si and thin film solar cells and solar modules. They can be used as an absorber layer, buffer layer, hole/electron transportation layer,...
The exploration of emerging materials and technologies represents a dynamic frontier in the field of thin film solar cells. Among the most promising advancements are perovskite solar cells and quantum dot solar cells, which offer unique properties and potential applications in solar energy generation.
Thin film (<10 μm) solar cells are more akin to a coating than to free-standing cells. Therefore, if they can survive cell processing conditions (for example, the use of solvent, high temperatures or plasma), assembly materials can also be used as substrates for cell fabrication.
Thin film cell technologies that can be easily implemented in a multi-junction structure are therefore highly desirable. In a multi-junction solar cell, cells with different bandgaps (highest on the Sun-facing side) absorb different parts of the solar spectrum, minimizing sub-bandgap and thermalization losses.
The concept of utilizing thin films in solar technology dates back several decades, with researchers initially focusing on alternative materials and fabrication techniques to overcome the limitations of conventional crystalline silicon solar cells.
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