POLICY ROADMAP FOR 100% RENEWABLE ENERGY IN
Hydro power has only minor potential for further increase, because Costa Rica''s utilization rate for hydro power plants is already close to the maximum level in regard to sustainability.
Utilising about 6% of total solar power potential and 25% of Costa Rica's wind power potential would suffice to supply enough energy to do so. Electricity costs can be reduced by almost US$ 1 cent per kWh of power generation by deployment utility-scale and decentralised renewable energy installations.
While hydroelectric power dominates the energy mix at approximately 80% of electricity production, solar energy, though currently a smaller contributor, holds significant potential to diversify and stabilize the grid. This paper investigates Costa Rica's renewable energy journey, emphasizing solar power's evolving role.
As a smaller nation with a population of only 5 million and no major industry, the need for strong energy infrastructure is less than for larger countries of higher population density. While Costa Rica's largest source of energy is hydroelectricity, other sources include geothermal energy, biomass, solar power, and wind power.
Critically, the literature reveals gaps in solar-specific research for Costa Rica. While hydroelectric and geothermal energy dominate academic focus, solar remains underrepresented, despite its potential to address energy security and grid stability.
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